Research direction of epoxy waterproof material

由于环氧树脂及固化剂自身的粘度比较大，无疑影响到环氧树脂在防水行业的应用，这就给研究人员提供了研究课题即降低粘度扩大应用领域。结合几十年来研究成果总结归类如下：

Because of the high viscosity of epoxy resin and curing agent itself, it will undoubtedly affect the application of epoxy resin in the waterproofing industry, which provides a research topic for researchers, which is to reduce the application field of viscosity. Combined with research achievements over the past decades, the following are summarized as follows:

4.1 非活性稀释剂

4.1 inactive diluent

常用的有二甲苯、丙酮、环己酮、甲基丁酮、丁酮、乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、乙二醇单乙醚、丙二醇甲醚醋酸酯、芳烃溶剂油等。非活性稀释剂具有降低树脂粘度及成本明显等特点，同时也带来了环保性差及收缩率提高等缺点，选用时应考虑到溶解性、流平性、光亮度、是否防潮、泛白等因素，具体可以参考溶剂的溶解参数、挥发参数等数据。

Commonly used are xylene, acetone, cyclohexanone, methylbutanone, butanone, ethyl acetate, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol methylene ether acetate, aromatic solvent oil, etc. The inactive diluent has the characteristics of reducing the viscosity and the cost of the resin, and it also brings the disadvantages of poor environmental protection and the increase of the shrinkage rate. The factors such as solubility, leveling, luminance, moisture proof and whitening should be taken into consideration, and the data of dissolving parameters and volatilization parameters of the solvent can be referred to.

4.2 活性稀释剂

4.2 active diluent

活性稀释剂是指分子结构中含有一个、两个或三个以上环氧基的缩水甘油醚，具有稀释树脂及参与化学反应构成环氧高分子组成部分的物质。有单环氧基稀释剂，如丁基缩水甘油醚、苯基缩水甘油醚；多环氧基稀释剂，二缩水甘油醚、如聚丙二醇二缩水甘油醚、丁二醇二缩水甘油醚、三羟甲基丙烷三缩水甘油醚、C12~14缩水甘油醚、二溴代甲苯基缩水甘油醚、二溴代新戊二醇缩水甘油醚等。

Active diluent refers to a polyglycidyl ether containing one, two or more than three epoxy groups in the molecular structure, which has a diluting resin and a substance that participates in the chemical reaction to form a component of the epoxy polymer. There are mono epoxy diluents, such as Ding Ji glycidyl ether, phenyl glycidyl ether, polyoxy diluent, two glycidyl diluent, two glycidyl ether, polyglycidyl ether, butanediol two glycidyl ether, three hydroxymethyl propane three glycidyl ether, C12~14 glycidyl ether, two bromo toluene glycidyl ether, dibromo generation. New amyl glycol glycidyl ether and so on.

a.单环氧基化合物稀释剂

A. mono epoxide diluent

单环氧基化合物稀释效果比较好，脂肪族型的比芳香族型的有更好稀释效果。单环氧基化合物活性稀释剂的使用，会使热变形温度降低，这是由于它的使用会使固化物的交联密度下降的缘故。多环化合物活性稀释剂这方面影响就要小些，正常单环氧基化合物稀释剂用量一般不超过树脂30%.

The single epoxide compound has better dilution effect, and aliphatic type has better dilution effect than aromatic type. The use of active diluents of single epoxide compounds will reduce the thermal deformation temperature, which is due to the decrease in crosslinking density of the cured products due to its use. The active diluent of polycyclic compounds is less important. The amount of thinner for normal epoxy compound is generally less than that of resin 30%..

b.多环氧基化合物稀释剂

B. polycyclic oxygenate diluent

如多环氧基化合物稀释剂用量和固化方式适当，就不会降低交联密度，因此受热状态下机械强度及耐化学品性保持率较高，但达到同样稀释效果会用量大些。短链及环状结构的二、三环氧基化合物对固化产物的热变形温度几乎无影响，而长碳链稀释剂对热变形温度影响较大，但使用后可使弯曲强度、冲击强度得以提高，改变了环氧脆性这一缺点。某些含溴的环氧化合物不仅具有一般稀释剂的降低环氧树脂粘度的性能，同时还具有阻燃性，与无机阻燃剂氢氧化铝及三氧化二锑搭配可以达到自熄效果。

If the dosage of the multi epoxide diluents and the proper curing mode, the crosslinking density will not be reduced, so the mechanical strength and the chemical resistance of the compound are higher, but the same dilution effect will be much higher. The two and tricyclic compounds of short chain and ring structure have little effect on the thermal deformation temperature of the cured products, while the long carbon chain diluents have great influence on the thermal deformation temperature, but after use, the bending strength and impact strength can be improved, and the brittleness of epoxy is changed. Some brominated epoxy compounds not only have general diluents to reduce the viscosity of epoxy resin, but also have flame retardancy. The self extinguishing effect can be achieved with the inorganic flame retardant aluminum hydroxide and the three oxidation of antimony two.

c.醛酮活性稀释剂

C. aldehyde and ketone active diluent

由于非活性稀释剂存在环保及收缩方面的问题，活性稀释剂又存在稀释效果不良，降低热变形温度的缺点，在一定程度上制约了环氧的发展。为此我国广大科学工作者通过几十年的研究，成功开发了另一种不含有环氧基化合物的稀释剂即醛酮活性稀释剂。代表单位有中科院广化所、长江水利委员会长江科学院，代表产品有高渗透改性环氧系列材料，如：中化798、400#、YDS及CW系列等。为此下面单独详细加以论述。

Because of the problems of environmental protection and shrinkage of inactive diluents, active diluents have the disadvantages of poor dilution effect and lower thermal deformation temperature, which restricts the development of epoxy to a certain extent. For this reason, scientists in China have successfully developed another kind of diluent, aldehyde and ketone active diluent, which does not contain epoxy compounds through decades of research. The representative units are the Guanghua Institute of CAS and the Yangtze River Science Institute of the Yangtze River Water Conservancy Commission. The representative products are highly permeable and modified epoxy series materials, such as 798, 400#, YDS and CW series. To this end, the following is discussed in detail.